The Importance of Drinking Water Essay - 1330 Words

Drink Water Speech How many of you, when you go to a restaurant and the waiter/waitress asks you what you want to drink ask for water? How many you would select a glass of water out a fridge filled with soda, fruit juices, or beer? My guess is probably not very many you actually choose water over the other options. I used to be the same way. I used to never drink water, and would always choose another beverage if I had the option. However, after I began to hear about the importance of water in our lives, I began to choose water whenever I needed something to drink. I am not saying I never have anything other than water when I am thirsty, but the majority of the time I choose water over any other beverage. Today, I plan to†¦show more content†¦So water is needed to dissolve these nutrients and be carried throughout the body. As you can see, water plays a major role in many factors of your body. Water even can help produce benefits outside of your body as well, such as your wallet. For example, when you go to a restaurant and order a soda, that is usually at least $2. You could instead choose water, which is free. If you would also choose water when you go out to eat and save the $2, you would save a decent amount of money in a year. Also, a 24 pack of bottled water is much cheaper than even a 12 pack of soda. Therefore, buying a pack of bottled water would save you money as well. Another way that you could save money is by investing in a filter of some sort, and drinking water from the facet. This would definitely decrease your spending on beverages during the year and save you a lot of money. As you can see, there are many benefits to drinking water. I hope you know see how crucial water is to your body and why you should consume it on a regular basis. You can only survive several days without water, so make sure you drink up. And by drinking water to ensure you stay living well, you will have some extra money to spend on things in your life that you can enjoy. Darren McGlaughlin Public Speaking Barbara Warnick Persuasive Speech 1 February 13, 2013 Speech Topic: Drink More Water Introduction 1. Who chooses water at restaurant or home? 2.Show MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Clean Drinking Water Pollution2357 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract The sustenance of safe and quality drinking water is increasingly becoming an urgent priority due to global pollution. It means that maintaining clean drinking water requires effective policies, regulations, and acts that identify, document, and eliminate health risks in all potable water sources. Water pathogenic microorganisms must be understood and identified in water sources because they have a relationship with acute and chronic illnesses. 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Red Cliff and Early Chinese Notions Free Essays

Red Cliff and Early Chinese Notions Introduction The philosophies of early Chinese thinkers differ greatly from the mindset of modern day philosophers. The four major philosophies of China, Confucianism, Mohism, Taoism and Legalism arose primarily during the Warring States era from 475 BC to 221 BC. Following the end of the Qin Dynasty and the fall of Qin Shi Huang, Confucianism became the dominant philosophical school in China. We will write a custom essay sample on Red Cliff and Early Chinese Notions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Confucianism represented the teachings of Chinese philosopher, Confucius, concerning the fields of ethics and politics and emphasizes on personal and government morality, humaneness and one’s duty to family and society. Following the popularity of Confucianism and the death of Confucius, the creation of The Analects or Lunyu , was written by Confucius’ followers and disciples in the Warring States period. His teachings were the first to introduce the concept of meritocracy which considers that one’s status in society should not be determined by ancestry, wealth, or friendship but rather on education and one’s character. Confucius also explores notions on human nature and self cultivation and the purpose of human existence. This paper will focus on early Chinese philosophies of the relationship between the individual and the state and the relationship between man and nature with references and examples from the film, Red Cliff. The Relationship between the Individual and the State The three core concepts of Confucianism, â€Å"filial devotion (xiao), humaneness (ren), and ritual decorum (li)† (Sources of Chinese Tradition, p. 3) embed the behavioural standards and expectations of how a person should practice these virtues. Furthermore, the three essential values integrate into Confucius’ views on government as well. Filial piety practiced within one’s family translates into how much one is willing to give to society which results in the stability of a state. Humaneness observes the importance of a ruler treating his people as how he would want to be treated if he were in their po sition. In Confucius’ perspective, ritual offers a sense of respect s rites are a mean of expression of a leader’s morality and also â€Å"encourages a sense of dignity and responsiveness among the people† (Sources of Chinese Tradition, p. 43). Filial piety ? is considered the most fundamental of all Confucian teachings. The term can have a broad meaning that not only includes the obedience a child must show for his parents but also respect that should be shown to the living and dead. Filial piety develops into five relationships: ruler to ruled, father to son, husband to wife, elder brother to younger brother, and friend to friend. When subjects respect their ruler and the ruler respects the Heavens, the state will in turn thrive and prosper. From The Analects, Confucius states, â€Å"If a ruler himself is upright, all will go well without orders. But if he himself is not upright, even though he gives orders they will not be obeyed†. The concept of filial piety is displayed in many different ways in the film, Red Cliff. Because of the compassion and brotherhood the southern warlord, Liu Bei, has shown towards his subjects, they were prepared to sacrifice their lives for him and the state. Because Liu Bei has treated his ministers and warriors with respect, as a result, they willingly followed his leadership. Conversely on Cao Cao’s side, his subjects were obedient towards him but only because they were afraid of him. They know not to trust Cao Cao because of his apprehensive and suspicious character that could result in impulsive decisions to kill anyone without any reason or justification. Loosely quoted from Zhuge Liang, â€Å"Although Cao Cao leads a large army, the majority surrendered to him so they are not as trustworthy. † He has not shown humaneness ? o his subjects, therefore they were not motivated to fight for him. Another example of filial piety and the relationship between the individual and the state is displayed through Xiao Qiao’s decision to cross over to Cao Cao’s camp in order to buy time for the Southerners. Her duty to her husband and the state required her to forsake her personal interests including her life, her child ’s life, and her relationship with her husband, for the greater good. â€Å"This is our home. Our people gladly give their lives for her sake. How can I stand idly by. † – Xiao Qiao (Red Cliff II, 2009) Many Western philosophers may not understand and argue that the Chinese philosophy of individualism emphasizes on one’s connection to external powers of authority rather than total independence and creativity. However the Chinese tradition is not about conforming each person’s ideas and sacrificing oneself for society, it â€Å"focuses on the individual as a vitally integrated element within a larger familial, social, political, and cosmic whole† (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Brindley). The core meaning of individualism is the thought of one’s self cultivation and the moral obligation to society and the importance of public service. This definition leads to the term junzi which simply means the ideal of becoming the â€Å"perfect man† who â€Å"combines the qualities of saint, scholar, and gentleman†. The two most prominent examples of a junzi in the film are Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang. Zhou Yu’s forgiving nature allows him to achieve a greater good for his people when he chose to pardon his friend’s action of siding with Cao Cao. He did not choose to kill him when his childhood friend tried to convince him to surrender to Cao Cao but instead tolerated his friend’s disloyal character. On the other hand, Zhuge Liang is a good representation of a junzi as he uses his moral autonomy to help the people. Because he knows clearly what is right and wrong, he combines his intelligence with righteousness to convince others of accepting his strategies as an advisor. In conclusion, both having filial piety and being a junzi are two of the ways the early Chinese believe an individual can contribute back into society. In the film Red Cliff, the underlying moral of the story relates back to these two themes whether it is in the form of brotherhood, husband and wife or a leader and his subjects. The Relationship between Man and Nature The relationship between man and nature in classical Chinese philosophy can be characterized as the â€Å"relation of Heaven and man† or the fundamental concept of â€Å"tienren he yi† . The academic aim of Chinese thinkers was to educate the people on this philosophy. As quoted from Sima Qian stating the purpose of his work Records of the Grand Historian, â€Å"I want to hereby elucidate the relation of Heaven and man, to discern its historical development from Past to Present, and to state my distinctive views. After the middle period of the Warring States, classical thinkers strongly emphasized the relation of Heaven and man. When Confucius speaks about the â€Å"Mandate of Heaven† and when Mozi talks about the â€Å"Will of Heaven†, they are ultimately referring to nature as Heaven being the supreme entity of the world, above all kings and all sources of power. However this philosophy was divided into two sides, one highlighting the unity between man and nature and the other putting much emphasis on the separation of the two. Nevertheless, the doctrines supporting the unity of man and nature was more influential and accepted more widely as the thought of stressing on the separation of the two was only held by a minority. Therefore it can be assumed that most Chinese philosophers place high social values on peace and harmony and the idea of â€Å"unity of nature and man†. To the Chinese, the relationship between humans and nature was regarded as reciprocals. Heaven, earth, and man represented a single unity governed by the cosmic law or dao. Mencius, the most famous of Confucius’ followers, thought of Heaven as the highest order in which even the emperor or â€Å"Son of Heaven† should obey. Reinstating the idea of the hierarchy of respect Mencius states that †¦when the personal life is cultivated, the family will be regulated; when the family is regulated, the state will be in order; and when the state is in order, there will be peace throughout the world. From the Son of Heaven down to the common people, all must regard the cultivation of personal life as the root or foundation. Mencius believed that a person’s moral self is the basis of having a harmonized society. And in order for a leader to earn the respect and support of his subjects, he must first respect the Heavens. Since humans are an integral part of nature, man should also obey the laws of nature. According the Mencius, human nature is given by Heaven, therefore the two are interconnected. In Confucian thinking, the meaning of Heaven or nature has a variety of aspects, including the sky, weather, the natural order, and also a moral order. One of Confucius’ disciples Xunzi quotes â€Å"tian as a atural order, operating according to unchanging principles, not intervening in extraordinary ways in human affair but, rather, providing the context within which all living things exist† (Sources of Chinese Tradition, p. 170). Other Confucians also adopted the idea of oneness of Heaven and man. â€Å"All things exist together, and they do not harm each other; all ways exist together, a nd they do not come into conflict† – Zhongyong (Doctrine of the Mean). In the film Red Cliff, an example of acting out against nature or Heaven can be seen from Cao Cao’s perception of the war. When Cao Cao tells Zhou Yu that he cannot believe he lost the war because of the wind, Zhou Yu replies him, â€Å"Because you don’t understand the Will of Heaven. † The meaning of this phrase can be seen as having two connotations. The first, because Cao Cao did not understand the patterns of the weather, he was unable to predict the time when the wind was going to change directions. The second significance has a more profound undertone in which Zhou Yu means that Cao Cao did not recognize the natural order wherein society should follow under harmonized principles that the Heavens intended (tian yi, . Because Cao Cao always thought he was responsible for bringing together all the states as an order of the Emperor, he could not see past his own greed and ambitions. He perceived the war as child’s play and disrupts peace in the country to achieve his goal of total dominance. His belief of unifying the states contradicts the early philosophers’ notions of all things existing in harmony and having self cultivation and moral order as the true â€Å"Will of Heaven†. Conclusion In conclusion, one can see that classical Chinese philosophers developed ideas that are rarely seen in Western philosophies. The Chinese philosophies characterize how fundamental they perceive moral principles and self cultivation as the basis of society. Essentially, these notions relate to the promotion of human relations towards a harmonious society through its inclusiveness of Heaven, Earth, and Human order. Reference List De, Bary William Theodore, Irene Bloom, Wing-tsit Chan, Joseph Adler, and Richard John Lufrano. Sources of Chinese Tradition. New York: Columbia UP, 1999. Print Hagop Sarkissian. â€Å"Individualism in Early China: Human Agency and the Self in Thought and Politics (review). † Philosophy East and West 62. 3 (2012): 408-410. Project MUSE. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. http://muse. jhu. edu/. Red Cliff Chi Bi. Magnolia Home Entertainment, 2008. DVD â€Å"Theories Concerning Man and Nature in Classical Chinese Philosophy. † CHAPTER I. N. p. , n. d. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. http://www. crvp. org/book/Series03/III-1/chapter_i. htm. How to cite Red Cliff and Early Chinese Notions, Essay examples

Fall Precaution on the Elderly in Medical-Free-Samples for Student

Question: Discuss about the Evidence based Practice on fall precaution on the Elderly in Medical. Answer: Introduction: The current study focuses on the aspect of evidence based practice for prevention of fall of the elderly patients in the hospital ward. There is a need to adopt measures for lowering of accidents, which occurs due to the falling of elderly patients aged 65 and above. Thus, reports and data have shown that almost 30% of the accidents could be accounted to such falling of the aged in the medical ward. The assignment provides a detailed idea entailing the problem, the strategies undertaken for the implementation of the objectives. The assignment focuses upon the benefits provided by the Evidence Based Model (EBP) in a medical ward. It aims at improving as well as standardizing the methods practiced in the medical wards. The implementation of the EBP model can help in reducing the time spent in the treatment of the elderly in the medical ward. Moreover, the same could potentially reduce injury from fall risk manifold times. Background and objectives One of the major causes of injury in the current decade within the older population has been from falling. In this context, the figures and statistical data received have pointed out at fall to be the most common cause of injuries within the age group. Reports have shown that in the year 2001, almost 2.7 million adults in the United States have been admitted to hospitals for treatment of non-fatal injuries (Boltz et al. 2016). The occurrence of such falls has often been seen to result in injuries to vulnerable parts of the body including the head (Hshieh et al. 2015). The study aims at designing suitable Evidence based practice model (EBP) aiming towards the incorporation of physical exercises in the daily care routine of patients. It also aims at providing care treatments at low cost, which may prevent the hospital bills from rising. Thus, inculcation of light exercises such as stretching and balancing may allow more flexibility to the patients. For this purpose, 35 odd numbers of p atients had been selected by the nurse belonging to lower risk fall group. Rationale and strategies Statistical reports have suggested that 85.3 % of the injuries in Singapore have been due to falling down accidentally. As suggested by Clegg et al. (2013), the population of the senior citizen in Singapore is gradually increasing. For the implementation of the EBP plan, there is a need to design a model based on which the change can be implemented, such as the IOWA model. As per the model, implementing physical exercises can be a convenient alternative to medicines. The analysis done based on the IOWA model, suggested that introduction of physical exercises along with anti-slip footwear, supply of sticks for support during walking could reduce the risk of fall. As suggested by Clegg et al. (2013), exercise such as balance training and stretching can improve the resistance in individuals by making muscles stronger. Some of the stretching exercises, which could be implemented by the nurse for the fall risk patients, are reclining pigeon, standing triceps stretch, butterfly stretch. However, for that purpose, the nursing staff would need to select a specific patient group. The nurse here can choose from the ones who are at lower risk of fall or in mentally sound conditions. Thus, a target group of 35 participants had been selected by the nurse with better physical and mental control for participating in the care regimen. Thus, once the goal is agreed upon the by the hospital staffs, permission needs to be taken from the stakeholders as well. Moreover, campaigns could be organized for educating the masses on the benefits of physical exercises. Figure 1: IOWA model (Source: Buckwalter et al. 2017 ) Potential impacts and evaluation The successful implementation of the proposed plan helps in reducing the number of falls. It also helps in controlling the severity of the injury inflicted because of such fall among the elderly. The impacts or the desired changes can be evaluated with the help of a number of methods such as conducting a risk assessment by the nursing management (Karlsson et al. 2013). Additionally, implementation of light exercises by the nursing professional, such as balance training for 2 hours daily can prevent accidental fall in the elderly. Moreover, providing physiotherapy to the patients by the daily care nurses can help in relieving the painful conditions. For the mitigation of the training requirements, a group of 10-12 nurses could be employed for designing specific exercises. Thus, following the IOWA model for designing the treatment plan can be useful in this regard. Barriers to the implementation of the plan The presence of co-morbid conditions would mean that the nurse has to take into consideration additional concerns while designing the training exercises. Thus, unavailability of sufficient information regarding patient health can act as a huge deterrence for the nursing professionals (McClure et al. 2009). However, as asserted by Canning et al. (2015), lack of awareness regarding care plans such as EBP can prevent the nurses from implementing the exercises, which may reduce the risk of fall among elderly patients. Moreover, the barriers can be further grouped into a number of categories such as individual, environmental and organizational categories. Thus, lack of sufficient support from the management and staff can hinder the attainment of the objectives. Moreover, at the individual and the organizational level lack of teamwork can act as a demotivation (Gillespie et al. 2009). It has been seen particularly seen that during the shuffling of staffs the midwives are often not willing to share adequate information with the enrolled nurses. This can also serve as a barrier to the achievement of the objective along with time liabilities also serve as another constraint. Moreover, lack of sufficient support from the patient and their respective families often results in ethical dilemmas. Conclusion Community-based programs were found to be useful in reducing the risk of such accidents. Additionally, a risk assessment conducted from time to time in order to figure out ones mostly at the risk of injury from falling. The intervention and strategies for management of such accidents have been emphasized over here in order to arrive at a suitable alternative. Moreover, one needs to maintain a strong and transparent communication regarding the care strategies with the patients. This helps in the provision of informed care along with entailing sufficient autonomy to the support users. Reflection For the present assignment evidence based practice for prevention of fall in the elderly in the medical ward have been highlighted. My lecturer introduced me to the topic, as part of my nursing study and research. I was skeptical and apprehensive about the outcome of the measures undertaken. However, I always had keen interest in the area of preventing support care to the elderly. Initially, I had difficulty in narrowing down to the right articles and keywords for the completion of the essay. However, with the help of my guide and peers I later picked on the momentum. The topic helped me in evaluating the different parameters related to prevention of fall the medical ward. The study helped me understand the importance of the EBP model in catering to the needs of the care service users. The inculcation of the model could provide more autonomy to the support user. This could help in removing biases in the care system along with enabling the users to make informed choices. I felt that there are a number of downsides to the implementation of the model. The success of the model is based upon gathering and processing of the data through research and analysis. However, as a trainee nurse, I have felt that limitation in understanding and comprehending the databases could act as a potential deterrence. I think the use of Evidence Based Practice model (EBP) used by the nurse can bring about positive changes in the support set. The model is based upon a number of parameters such as evidence from research, clinical expertise and the values and the beliefs of the patients. The model allows the nurse to provide sufficient autonomy to the patients in deciding their care plan. A report from random and control trial has suggested that a well-structured assessment of repetitive falling can help in reducing the incidence of such accidents. As supported by Miake-Lye et al. (2013), the model challenges the paternalism view of the medical practitioners in having the final say. Studies have suggested that changes in the environment of the support service user can further bring about positive results from the model. Figure 2: Evidence based program model (EBP) (Source: Fixsen et al. 2013) As a nursing trainee catering to the needs of patients suffering from fall based injury, I could focus more on the incorporation of exercises. Thus, implementing exercises such as balance training and weight training could help in providing more flexibility to the patients. Additionally, incorporation of health supplements such as vitamin D can also improve the resistance power in such individuals. Thus, I need to educate myself as well as my patients more on the importance of exercises. Further, I can organize educational seminars for the patients with the help of PowerPoint presentations and DVDs in order to enlighten the support users regarding the precautionary measures they can take on a personal level. Thus, implementation of the EBP helps in providing more autonomy to the service users. This also helps in mitigating the wide spread costs involved in the maintenance of the infrastructural support. References Boltz, M., Capezuti, E., Fulmer, T. T., Zwicker, D. (Eds.). (2016).Evidence-based geriatric nursing protocols for best practice. Berlin: Springer Publishing Company. Brownson, R. C., Baker, E. A., Deshpande, A. D., Gillespie, K. N. (2017).Evidence-based public health. London: Oxford University Press. Buckwalter, K. C., Cullen, L., Hanrahan, K., Kleiber, C., McCarthy, A. M., Rakel, B., ... Tucker, S. (2017). Iowa Model of Evidence?Based Practice: Revisions and Validation.Worldviews on Evidence?Based Nursing,14(3), 175-182. Canning, C. G., Sherrington, C., Lord, S. R., Close, J. C., Heritier, S., Heller, G. Z., ... O'Rourke, S. D. (2015). Exercise for falls prevention in Parkinson disease A randomized controlled trial.Neurology,84(3), 304-312. Clegg, A., Young, J., Iliffe, S., Rikkert, M. O., Rockwood, K. (2013). Frailty in elderly people.The Lancet,381(9868), 752-762. Dias, S., Welton, N. J., Sutton, A. J., Caldwell, D. M., Lu, G., Ades, A. E. (2013). Evidence synthesis for decision making 4: inconsistency in networks of evidence based on randomized controlled trials.Medical Decision Making,33(5), 641-656. Fixsen, D., Blase, K., Metz, A., Van Dyke, M. (2013). Statewide implementation of evidence-based programs.Exceptional Children,79(2), 213-230. Gillespie LD, Gillespie WJ, Robertson MC, Lamb SE, Cumming RG, Rowe BH (2009). Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 3. [update 2012] (Level 1) Harris, C., Garrubba, M., Allen, K., King, R., Kelly, C., Thiagarajan, M., ... Farjou, D. (2015). Development, implementation and evaluation of an evidence-based program for introduction of new health technologies and clinical practices in a local healthcare setting.BMC health services research,15(1), 575. Hshieh, T. T., Yue, J., Oh, E., Puelle, M., Dowal, S., Travison, T., Inouye, S. K. (2015). The effectiveness of multi-component nonpharmacological delirium interventions: a meta-analysis. JAMA internal medicine,175(4), 512-520. Karlsson, M. K., Magnusson, H., von Schewelov, T., Rosengren, B. E. (2013). Prevention of falls in the elderlya review.Osteoporosis International,24(3), 747-762. McClure RJ, Turner C, Peel N, Spinks A, Eakin E, Hughes K. Population-based interventions for the prevention of fall related injuries in older people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005:1. (Level 3) Miake-Lye, I. M., Hempel, S., Ganz, D. A., Shekelle, P. G. (2013). Inpatient Fall Prevention Programs as a Patient Safety StrategyA Systematic Review.Annals of internal medicine,158(5_Part_2), 390-396. Potter, C. (2015). Leadership development: an applied comparison of Gibbs Reflective Cycle and Scharmers Theory U.Industrial and Commercial Training,47(6), 336-342. Royse, D., Thyer, B. A., Padgett, D. K. (2015).Program evaluation: An introduction to an evidence-based approach. London: Cengage Learning. Sherrington C, Tiedemann A, Fairhall N, Close JC, Lord SR. Exercise to prevent falls in older adults: an updated meta-analysis and best practice recommendations. N S W Public Health Bull. 2011; 22(3-4):78-83. (Level 1) Spice CL, Morotti W, George S, Dent THS, Rose J, Harris S, et al. The Winchester falls project: a randomized controlled trial of secondary prevention of falls in older people. Age Ageing. 2009:38(1): 3340. (Level 1) 3. Uusi-Rasi, K., Patil, R., Karinkanta, S., Kannus, P., Tokola, K., Lamberg-Allardt, C., Sievnen, H. (2015). Exercise and vitamin D in fall prevention among older women: a randomized clinical trial.JAMA internal medicine,175(5), 703-711.